To Ash, Char, or just Dry and Power?
      Shepherd's Needle Plant about four feet tall at The Cosmic Salamander Inc.     Making a local anesthetic from 'Bidens pilosa'  Shepherd's Needle.    Plant ash: Ash is the residue of burned plant parts like; bark, wood, sawdust, leaves, woody debris, pulp, husk, hulls, fronds, and other plant debris.   Plant Char: Char is the lightweight black carbon and ash residue hydrocarbon produced by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and vegetation substances. Charcoal is usually produced by slow pyrolysis — the heating of wood or other substances in the absence of oxygen   While I am planning on testing the below medica reference. It brings up to my mind, which way to make a plant topical power is best.   I would think that Charing is always better than making ash but dry and power would to me seem like the best way in almost all cases.   Reference:  >>In Nigeria, the powder or ash from the seed is used as a local anaesthetic and rubbed into cu...